Preheat oven to 350°F. Line a 9-inch square baking pan with parchment paper.
Slice a little more than half of the cookie dough into 1/4" rounds and arrange in a single layer on the prepared baking pan.
Press the cookie dough rounds together to form a solid, even layer.
Bake for 20 to 25 minutes, or until golden brown. Remove from oven and let cool slightly.
Combine unwrapped caramels and evaporated milk in a microwave-safe container. Heat on high for 1 minute, then stir and continue heating in 30-second intervals until caramel is completely melted.
Sprinkle chocolate chips over the slightly cooled cookie crust.
Drizzle melted caramel over the chocolate chips.
Crumble the remaining cookie dough over the top of the caramel layer.
Return to the oven and bake for another 12-15 minutes, or until golden brown.
Cool to room temperature, then refrigerate for at least 2 hours before slicing and serving.